Jamaica: is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, 234 kilometers in length and as much as 80 kilometers in width, and amounts to 10,990 square kilometers. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about 145 kilometers south of Cuba, and 191 kilometers west of Hispaniola, the island harboring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Its indigenous Arawakan-speaking Taíno inhabitants named the island Xaymaca, meaning the "Land of Wood and Water".
Once a Spanish possession known as Santiago, in 1655 it became English, and later a British, colony, known as "Jamaica". It achieved full independence in 1962. With 2.8 million people, it is the third most populous anglophone country in the Americas, after the United States and Canada. It remains a Commonwealth realm with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. Kingston is the country's largest city and the capital.
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